If you're a first-time homebuyer, chances are you'll come across some terms you’re not familiar with. And that can be overwhelming, especially while going through one of the biggest purchases of your life.
The good news is you don’t need to be an expert on real estate jargon. That’s your agent’s job. But getting to know these basic terms will help you feel a lot more confident throughout the process.
Once you’re familiar with this terminology, you’ll have a better understanding of important details – from contracts to negotiations. So, when those big conversations happen, you’ll feel informed, in control, and able to make the best decision for your unique situation. As Redfin puts it:
“Having a basic understanding of important real estate concepts before you start the homebuying process will give you peace of mind now and could save you a fortune in the future.”
Here’s a breakdown of a few key real estate terms and definitions you should know, according to the Federal Trade Commission (FTC) and First American.
Appraisal: A report providing the estimated value of the home. Lenders rely on appraisals to determine a home’s value, so they’re not lending more than it’s worth.
Contingencies: Contract conditions that must be met, typically within a certain timeframe or by a specified date. For example, a home inspection is a common contingency. While you can waive these to try and make your offer more competitive, it’s generally not recommended.
Closing Costs: The upfront expenses in connection with your mortgage loan transaction .Ask your lender for a list of closing cost items, including attorney’s fees, taxes, title insurance, mortgage origination fee, and more.
Down Payment: The amount a buyer contributes upfront toward the purchase price of a home can vary. While many buyers put down a percentage of the home's price—often ranging from a few percent up to 20%—there are loan programs available that may allow for even lower upfront contributions, depending on eligibility. It’s a common misconception that a 20% down payment is always required; in reality, requirements vary by loan type and lender. Speak with your lender to learn more about options that may apply to your situation.
Escalation Clause: This is typically used in highly competitive markets. It’s an optional add on in a real estate contract that says a potential buyer is willing to raise their offer on a home if the seller receives a higher competing offer. The clause also includes how much a buyer is willing to pay over the highest offer.
Mortgage Rate: The interest rate you pay when you borrow money to buy a home. Consult a lender so you know how it can impact your monthly mortgage payment.
Pre-Approval Letter: A letter from a lender that shows what they’re willing to lend you for your home loan. This, plus an understanding of your savings, can help you decide on your target price range. Getting this from a lender should be one of your first steps in the homebuying process, before you even start browsing homes online.
You don't need to have all these terms memorized, but a little knowledge goes a long way. Brushing up on the basics now means fewer surprises later – and more clarity when you buy a home.
What unfamiliar real estate term or phrase have you come across that wasn’t on this list?
Connect with a First Federal Bank Loan Officer, to help you have a solid understanding of what it means and where it may show up in the homebuying process.